The results revealed that retrieving and, in particular, sending text messages had a detrimental effect on a number of safety critical driving measures. When text messaging, drivers’ ability to maintain their lateral position on the road and to detect and respond appropriately to traffic signs was significantly reduced. In addition, drivers spent up to 400 percent more time with their eyes off the road when text messaging, than when not text messaging. While there was some evidence that drivers attempted to compensate for being distracted by increasing their following distance when following a lead vehicle, drivers did not reduce their speed while distracted.
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